Various types of ERAs		Elements of ERAs process	Summarization
Traditional ERAs	Health risk assessment	Analyzing the relationships between the dose of hazardous/toxic substance and the response of human health	Despite these variations, all types of traditional ERAs can be summarized by four steps: Hazard identification, risk analysis, risk evaluation/ characteristics, and risk management
	Accidents risk assessment	Using some mathematic models to estimate the risk probability and its corresponding consequence
	Natural disaster risk assessment	Analyzing the relationship between vulnerability to disaster and other hazards
	Regional comprehensive risk assessments	Integrating and ranking of different types of environmental risks in a given research region
ERA for DMP	Risk evaluation based on RCB	Using a quantitative economical method “BCA” as the main technical tool to support the selection and determination of any preferred managerial option from risk perspective.	Despite the decision-making tool are different, these processes can be summarized in five steps: Problem identification, alternatives formulation, decision-making criteria and tool selection, alternatives evaluation and ranking, and preferred alternative selection.
ERA for DMP	CRA based on the methods of MCDA	Considering multiple criteria including economical, ecological, environmental, social and other factors in decision-making options and comparing risk related with different options based on MCDA methods to determine the optimal managerial option from risk perspective.